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Gerald R. Ford Library1000 Beal Avenue,
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Domestic Council
MICHAEL RAOUL-DUVAL
Domestic Council
Associate Director;
Executive Director,
Intelligence Coordinating Group;
Special Counsel to the
President:
Files, 1974-77
SUMMARY DESCRIPTION
The collection
documents a significant portion of his activities as Domestic Council associate
director working on energy, environmental and transportation matters; his work
on selected political activities in 1976, especially the preparation of the
1976 Republican Party platform; and his work as executive director of the
Intelligence Coordinating Group. A
separate collection of Raoul-Duval personal papers
relating to many of the same topics is also available
in the Library.
QUANTITY
21.3 linear feet (ca.
42,600 pages)
DONOR
Gerald R. Ford
(accession number 77-107)
ACCESS
Open, with the
exception of the unprocessed intelligence series. Some items are temporarily restricted under
terms of the donor's deed of gift, a copy of which is available on request, or
under National Archives and Records Administration general restrictions (36 CFR
1256).
COPYRIGHT
President Ford has
donated to the
Prepared by Paul Conway, January 1982;
Revised July 1984
Revised by William H. McNitt, January 1996
[s:\bin\findaid\raoul-duval,
michael - files.doc]
BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION
Michael
Raoul-Duval
1957‑61 Student,
1961‑64 Officer, United States Marine Corps
1964‑72
1964‑67 Student,
1967‑70 Lawyer, Office of General Counsel,
Federal Aviation Administration, Department of Transportation
1970‑72 Staff Assistant to the President
(scheduling of trips and planning President Nixon's foreign trips)
1972‑73 Consultant on detail to the Inaugural
Committee
Mar.-Oct. 1973 Aide to HUD Secretary James Lynn in his role as Counsellor to the President for Community Development
Oct. 1973‑May 1974 Staff Assistant, Domestic Council
staff
May 1974‑Oct. 1975 Associate Director for Natural
Resources and Associate Director for Energy and Transportation, Domestic
Council staff
Oct. 1975‑Apr. 1976 Assistant Counsellor
to the President and Executive Director of the White House Intelligence
Coordinating Group
Apr. 1976‑Jan. 1977 Special Counsel to the President
1977‑ President, Industrial Products
Group, Mead Corporation,
INTRODUCTION
The
Michael Raoul‑Duval files document a
significant portion of his activities as Domestic Council associate director,
Executive Director of the Intelligence Coordinating Group, and advisor to the
President for the 1976 presidential election campaign. Additional materials on these topics are also
available in a separate collection of personal papers that Raoul-Duval
donated to the Library.
Raoul‑Duval's White House
Responsibilities
Raoul-Duval worked on the Nixon Domestic
Council and continued in that role after the change of administrations. He handled energy, environment, and
transportation issues. Although working
under Domestic Council Executive Directors Kenneth Cole and James Cannon, Raoul-Duval had frequent access to President Ford. He often sat in on meetings between the
president and members of Congress, cabinet officers, or representatives of
business, industry, and labor. Two
assistants, Glenn Schleede and Norman Ross, handled
much of the day-to-day work, especially in the areas of energy and the
environment.
In early 1975, the Senate and House set
up special committees to investigate alleged intelligence community abuses of
authority. Later that year, President
Ford established an Intelligence Coordinating Group (ICG) and appointed White
House Counsellor John Marsh as Chairman with Raoul‑Duval as Executive Director. The ICG staff, working under Raoul-Duval's direction, included Mason Cargill, Timothy
Hardy, Wes Clark, and Ray Waldmann. The ICG prepared a set of recommendations on
intelligence community reform and eventually drafted an Executive Order
implementing President Ford's decisions.
As the ICG completed its work in 1976, Raoul‑Duval began working closely with Richard
Cheney, David Gergen and other senior advisers
concerned about Ronald Reagan's successes in the primaries. In May, Raoul‑Duval
campaigned for President Ford in the
A key part of the campaign strategy plan was a
series of debates with Democratic Party candidate Jimmy Carter. Raoul‑Duval
coordinated President Ford's preparations for the three debates, helped
negotiate with Carter's staff and the League of Women Voters on debate sites
and logistics, pulled together numerous suggestions and issues papers, and
oversaw technical preparations.
In October 1976, Raoul‑Duval
drafted plans to smooth Ford's transition to a second term. Following Jimmy Carter's November victory, he
served under John Marsh as a liaison to Carter's transition team. He also handled the administration's review
of the Peterson Commission's report, which recommended substantial pay
increases for federal executives.
Strengths and Weaknesses of the Files
Raoul‑Duval's Domestic Council files
reflect his involvement with energy policy coordination and legislation, his
knowledge of selected transportation issues, and his past experiences with
community development matters and budget review. When he left the Domestic Council, Raoul‑Duval's files on ongoing energy and especially
transportation issues were dispersed to his successors. What remains essentially are files on issues
and policies both handled and completed during his tenure on the Domestic
Council staff. The files only sparsely
document the follow‑up coordination or end results of the
responsibilities delegated to Schleede or Ross. In addition, he did not retain significant
amounts of correspondence, apparently referring much incoming mail to agencies
for response. The files, however, do
show that Raoul‑Duval did continue to monitor
major energy legislation even after leaving the Domestic Council staff.
The collection contains both an
alphabetical subject file on intelligence matters and a chronologically
arranged series maintained by Raoul-Duval's
assistants Wes Clark and Ray Waldmann. These materials mainly document the work of
the Intelligence Coordinating Group in handling liaison with the congressional
select committees on intelligence and formulating Ford administration reforms
of the intelligence community, but some material on other intelligence/national
security matters appears. Included in
the series are drafts of various briefing papers and books for the President,
plus minutes and notes from ICG meetings and meetings with the President. Both series of intelligence materials are
currently unprocessed and unavailable for research.
Raoul‑Duval's files on various
political issues primarily document his work as White House liaison to the
Republican Party committee responsible for drafting the 1976 platform. Also included is miscellaneous advice Raoul‑Duval received on debate strategy and
tactics. The political files are largely
fragments of a more complete political file that is part of the Raoul‑Duval Papers.
Related Materials (January 1996):
The Raoul‑Duval
Files described here are closely related to a separate collection of Raoul‑Duval Papers.
Among that collection are detailed notes from meetings between President
Ford and Cabinet officials, members of Congress and representatives of business
and industry. These notes largely date
from Raoul‑Duval's Domestic Council
service. The Raoul‑Duval
Papers also include significant materials on 1976 campaign strategy planning
and the three Ford‑Carter debates.
Additional materials related to Raoul‑Duval's Domestic Council responsibilities are
located in various staff files, especially those of Glenn Schleede
(energy and science); Stephen McConahey and Judith
Hope (transportation); and Norm Ross, Paul Leach and George Humphreys
(agriculture, natural resources and environment). Materials on Raoul‑Duval's
work with international aviation policy and energy questions (especially the
Energy Resources Council) can be found in WHCF Oversize Attachments 3305 and
3391‑3392.
Open collections relating to the
intelligence investigations/reforms include White House Central Files Subject
File category ND 6 (Intelligence); the Richard Cheney Files; the James Connor
Files; the Ron Nessen Files and Papers; and the files
of various staff members in the Congressional Relations Office, especially the
Vernon Loen/Charles Leppert
collection.
In addition, the Library holds
unprocessed collections of Mason Cargill/Timothy Hardy Files and James Wilderotter Files, and unprocessed series on intelligence
matters from the files of Philip Buchen and John
Marsh. These collections/series are not
currently available for research.
Series Descriptions
1-14 Energy and Environment File, 1974‑75.
(5.7 linear feet)
Memoranda, briefing
papers, draft speeches and statements for the President, reports, draft
legislation, background information, and correspondence received by Raoul‑Duval. The file documents the
coordination of energy policy and legislation on energy and environmental
issues during the early Ford administration; meetings on energy policy; and the
administration's analysis of the interaction of energy, environmental, and
transportation policies. Some materials,
particularly on Project Independence and the 1974 coal strike, date from the
last months of the Nixon administration.
Arranged
alphabetically by subject and thereunder
chronologically.
14‑17 Transportation File, 1974‑75.
(1.2 linear feet)
Briefing papers, reports,
correspondence, and other materials accumulated by Raoul‑Duval
on transportation issues and not transferred to his successors. Some materials, particularly issue briefing
books, date from the Nixon administration.
Among the Ford‑era materials is information on Pan American
financial problems and the Civil Aeronautics Board.
Arranged
alphabetically by subject and chronologically thereunder.
17‑25 General Subject File, 1974‑75.
(3.1 linear feet)
Briefing and budget materials on
transportation, energy, community development, and other issues; miscellaneous
printed materials, reports, memoranda and correspondence on topics other than
transportation and energy, or on topics that combine energy and transportation
matters. Some
material, notably on community development issues and President Nixon's trip to
Arranged
alphabetically by subject and chronologically thereunder.
26‑29 Political Subject File, 1975‑76.
(1.2 linear feet)
Primarily Raoul‑Duval's
working reference files on the preparation of the 1976 Republican Party
platform. Included are drafts by
platform working groups and consultants, background research on issues, comments
by White House staff, and memos and notes on negotiations among various party
factions. Also included are
miscellaneous suggestions on campaign debate issues and strategy from staff and
others, and one folder each for the Peterson Commission and the 1976 State of
the Union address.
Arranged
alphabetically by subject and chronologically thereunder.
30‑49 Intelligence Community Subject
File, 1975‑76. (7.9 linear feet)
Memoranda, correspondence, briefing
papers, reports, lists, agendas, meeting notes, speeches, testimony,
congressional bills, executive orders, and clippings. The materials document the work of the
administration's Intelligence Coordinating Group in responding to requests from
the congressional select committees on intelligence, formulating President
Ford's plan for reform of the intelligence community, and dealing with other
intelligence matters. Major topics
include the Abzug Subcommittee's investigation of
telecommunications intercepts, White House interactions with the Church and Pike
Committees, drafting of the President's intelligence community decision book
and his executive order reforming the intelligence community, background on FBI
jurisdiction, proposed legislation, and terrorism.
Arranged
alphabetically by subject and chronologically thereunder.
THIS SERIES IS CURRENTLY UNAVAILABLE
FOR RESEARCH.
49-52 Wes
Clark/Ray Waldmann Intelligence File, 1975-76. (1.1
linear feet)
Working papers, reports, and memos
accumulated by Clark and Waldmann in their work as
assistants to Raoul-Duval.
Arranged
chronologically.
THIS SERIES IS CURRENTLY UNAVAILABLE
FOR RESEARCH.
Container List
Academic Community ‑ Reaction to
President's Energy Program
Airline Fuel Prices (1)-(4)
Air‑Water Pollution Report
(Publication)
Alaskan Native Claims ‑ Edwardsen Case (1)-(2)
Alaskan Natural Gas (1)-(4)
Alaskan Pipeline ‑ Double Bottom
Hulls
Alcohol ‑ Substitute Automobile
Fuel
American Electric Power System Advertisements
Anti‑Lobbying Laws ‑ Re
Economic and Energy Programs
Asphalt ‑ Crude Oil Import Fee
Rebate
Automobile Efficiency (Fuel)
Automobile Emission Standards (1)-(7)
Automobile Emission Standards (8)-(12)
Automobile Emission Standards ‑ Nader Report
Biweekly Energy Status Reports
Breeder Reactors
"Burden of Proof" ‑
Environmental Protection Agency v. State of
CBS News Special Report on the Energy
Crisis
Chronology of Significant Energy Events
Coal Policy
Coal Strike ‑ Fall 1974 (1)-(5)
Committee on Energy, 1974
Contacts on Energy Issues
Cost Comparisons for President's Energy
Program
Clean Air Act Amendments
Council on Environmental Quality ‑
102 Monitor
Crude Oil Allocation ‑ Cost
Equalization and Decontrol (1)‑(3)
Decontrol of Oil
‑ Effects of (FEA Report)
‑ President's Decision,
Decontrol of Oil
‑ President's Statement and Fact
Sheet,
‑ President's Televised Address
(Drafts)
‑ President's Veto Message,
September 1975
Department of Energy and Natural
Resources (Proposed)
Depletion Allowance
Dingell Hearings ("Double
Dip" Loopholes for Oil Companies)
Domestic Council Study ‑
Economic/Energy Proposals ‑ Fact
Book
Economic/Energy Proposals ‑
Legislation (1)-(2)
Economic Impact of Environmental
Programs
Emergency Planning for Embargo
Energy Conservation (1)-(2)
Energy Consumption
Energy Efficiency of Appliances
Energy/Environment ‑
Miscellaneous Printed Materials
Energy
Energy
Energy Policy and Conservation Act
(S.622)
Energy Policy ‑ Briefing Book for
the President
Energy Policy ‑ Miscellaneous
Energy Policy Organization Within the Administration
Energy Policy ‑ Press Statements
(1)-(2)
Energy Program and Consumer Costs
Energy Research and Development
Administration
‑ Administrator: Potential
Candidates
‑ Energy Research and Development
Plan
‑ Legislation Establishing
Energy Resources Council
Energy Statistics
Energy Transportation and Security Act
Entitlements Program
Environmental Health Letter
Environmental Impact Statements
Environmental Impact Statements ‑
Preparation
Environmental Protection Agency
‑ Costs to Industry
‑ Gas Mileage Guide
‑ Guidelines on Returnable
Beverage Containers
‑ New Federalism Review
‑ Policies
Environment and Employment
Farmers ‑ Federal Aid to Offset
Increased Energy Costs
Federal Energy Administration Technical
Analysis
Federal Power Commission ‑
Potential Candidates
Fertilizer Shortages and Natural Gas
Floor Prices on Energy
Fuel Economy Improvement Program
Gasoline Rationing
Gasoline Sales
Gasoline Savings ‑ Rand
Corporation Study
Geothermal Energy
Gross National Product and Energy
Conservation
Gulf Oil Corporation
Impact of the President's Energy
Program
Import Fees on Oil (1)-(2)
Independent Producers of Oil ‑ Blaik, Earl and Bill
Independent Producers of Oil ‑
General
Interior Department ‑ Hathaway,
Stanley
Investment by Oil Exporting Countries
Land Use ‑ General
Land Use ‑ Impact of
Environmental Programs
Land Use Legislation (1)-(6)
Law of the Sea
Legislative Alternatives to the
President's Energy Program
‑ Congress (1)-(3)
‑ General Accounting Office
‑ Senator Henry Jackson
Legislative Strategy
Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) Imports (1)-(3)
Natural Resources Management Plan
(Publication)
Natural Gas Policy (1)-(2)
Naval Petroleum Reserves
New Republic Article on Oil Policy
Non‑Leaded Gasoline
Nuclear Accident Insurance Claims
(Price ‑
Nuclear Power Plants/Status Reports
Nuclear Regulatory Commission
Oil Import Tariff Veto Message (H.R.
1767)
Oil Shale
Oil Spill Liability Legislation (1)-(3)
Omnidirectional Drilling
Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries (OPEC) - Price Increases
Outer Continental Shelf (OCS) Leasing
(1)-(3)
President's Administrative Energy
Actions
President's Energy Goals
Press Conference (Duval Remarks)
Price Effect On
Demand For Energy
Project
Project
Project
Project
Propane
Public Opinion on Environmental Issues
Railroads ‑ Impact of Energy
Proposals
Refineries
Republican Legislative Agenda ‑
Energy Analysis
Scrubbers Controversy ‑ EPA vs.
FEA
Solar Energy
Southern California Gas Company (1)
Southern California Gas Company (2)
Standard Oil of
Standard Oil of
Strip Mining Legislation (1)‑(7)
Strip Mining Legislation (8)-(14)
Strip Mining Protest
Synthetic Fuels
Tax Reduction Act ‑ Petroleum Tax
Provisions
Toxic Substances Legislation
Trucking Industry Support for Energy
Proposals
Union Camp Corporation Meeting
Union Oil Company Advertisement
Uranium Enrichment Message To Congress (1)-(3)
Uranium Enrichment Message to Congress
(4)
Utilities
‑ Effluent Guidelines
‑ Financing Problems
‑ Financing Problems: FEA Draft
Issue Paper and Analysis
Vice President's Energy Speech
Weekly Energy Report (Publication)
White House Dinners ‑ Environment
and Industry
White Paper on Energy
Windfall Profits Tax
World Energy Conference,
Printed Materials Transferred ‑
Energy and Environment
Transportation
File
Airline Deregulation
American Freedom Train
Amtrak
Aviation (Legislation and
Brake Regulations (Trucks)
Civil Aeronautics Board (1)-(2)
Department of Transportation
‑ Coleman, William
‑ Issues, 1973 (1)-(2)
Department of Transportation
‑ Issues: Background Information,
1973
‑ Legislation, 1973
‑ Newsletters
Federal Spending on Highways ‑
Job Impact
Highway Act of 1973
Highway Legislation
I‑66
International Airlines (1)-(6)
International Airlines (7)-(8)
International Aviation Policy (1)-(3)
Mass Transit Legislation
No Fault Insurance ‑ DOT Briefing
Book, 1973 (1)-(3)
Railroad Revitalization Act
Railroads ‑ Financial Viability
of Conrail
Railroads ‑ North‑East
United States (1)-(2)
Rail Service to
Seatrain Shipbuilding Corporation
Speed Limit
Transportation Policy Review
Trucking Strike, February 1974
United Airlines
Urban Transportation
Urban Transportation ‑ DOT/HUD
Joint Activities, 1972‑73
Printed Materials Transferred ‑
Transportation
General
Subject File
Bennis, Warren ‑ University of
Cincinnati President
Briefing Papers
‑ Better Communities Act, 1973
‑ Civil Rights, 1973
‑ Department of Community
Development, 1973
‑ Disaster Relief, 1973
‑
‑ Housing and Urban Development,
1973 (1)-(2)
Briefing Papers
‑ Interior, 1975 (1)-(3)
‑ Miscellaneous, 1973
‑ Rural Development Act, 1973
Budget ‑ FY 1975
:Budget in Brief (Publications)
:Directors' Review
:Economic Outlook, 1973
:Natural Resources
:Press Briefing for DOT Budget (1)-(2)
Budget ‑ FY 1975
:Press Briefing for DOT Budget (3)
:Transportation ‑ Directors' Review
Budget ‑ FY 1976
:Agriculture
:Atomic Energy Commission
:Coordinated Statistical Budget
:Deficit
:General
:Interior (1)-(2)
:Transportation
Budget ‑ FY 1977
:General
Budget ‑ FY 1977
:ERDA ‑ Spring Planning
:Transportation ‑ Spring Planning
Budget Cuts ‑ Office of
Management and Budget Actions, 1974
Budget Rescissions and Deferrals
Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance
Programs, 1972 (1)-(4)
Commodity Futures Trading Commission
Legislation (H.R. 13113)
Community Development Foundation ‑
Community Development Foundation ‑
Conference on Inflation ‑ Meeting
Summaries (1)-(2)
Congress
Contract Expirations ‑ Labor
Domestic Council
‑ Activities Status Report
‑ Cannon, James
‑ Committees
‑ Issue Papers for the President
‑ Organization and
Responsibilities (1)-(2)
‑ National Domestic Needs and
Current Policy
‑ Weekly Activities Report
Domestic Policy Review (1)-(3)
Economic Week ‑ Publication
(1)-(2)
Emergency Preparedness ‑
Resources Data Catalog
Export‑Import Bank
Federal Spending
Ford Administration Accomplishments
Fortune Magazine
Inflation Impact Statement
Jones Act Waiver ‑ Fertilizer
Shortages
Legislation ‑ Current
Administration Position, March 1975
Legislation ‑ Status of
Administration Bills
Longshoremen's Strike
Manual for Courts Martial, 1969 ‑
Publication (1)-(2)
Materials Shortages
Monthly Economic Letter (Publication)
National Bureau of Standards ‑
Other Agency Program
New Federalism
New Federalism ‑ Report to the
President
Nixon Trip to
Office of Science and Technology Policy
Public Works Legislation
Regulatory Reform
Responsive Governments Act ‑
Draft, 1973
Responsive Governments Act ‑ Regional
Planning, 1973 (1)-(2)
Rural Development Act ‑
Legislation, 1973 (1)-(2)
Rural Development Act ‑
Implementation Planning Review, 1973
Referrals (1)-(4)
Stockman, James ‑ U.S. Hotel
Corporation
Summer Intern ‑ General
Tax Cut
Textile Track Policy Group
Vice President Rockefeller ‑
Briefing Papers
Vice President Rockefeller ‑
Briefings, Chart Project
Vice President Rockefeller ‑
Meetings
Printed Materials Transferred ‑
General
Debate Input
‑ Baroody,
William and Staff
‑ Buchen,
Philip and Staff
‑ Cannon, James and Staff
‑ Carruthers,
William and Staff
‑ Cavanaugh, James
‑ Hartmann, Robert
‑ Holm, Jeanne
‑ Lynn, James
‑ Marsh, Jack
‑ Miscellaneous
‑ President Ford Committee
‑ Shafer, Governor Raymond
Democratic Party Platform (1)-(3)
Peterson Commission
Republican Convention Delegates
Republican Convention Details (1)-(3)
Republican Party Platform
‑ Agency Input
‑ Catholic Issues
‑ Commission for an Eisenhower
Platform
‑ Domestic Policy Planks:
Comparison, 1972
‑ Domestic Policy Planks:
Contested Issues Analyses (1)-(6)
‑ Domestic Policy Planks:
Platform Working Papers (1)-(7)
Republican Party Platform
‑ Domestic Policy Planks: Raoul‑Duval Notes
‑ Draft Platform
‑ Ed Harper Platform Book
‑ Foreign Policy Planks:
Comparison
‑ Foreign Policy Planks:
Compromise
‑ Foreign Policy Planks: Draft
Outline
‑ Foreign Policy Planks: Ford
Administration Accomplishments
‑ Foreign Policy Planks: Ford
Administration Positions and Actions (1)-(2)
‑ Foreign Policy Planks: Richard
V. Allen Draft,
‑ Foreign Policy Planks: Richard
V. Allen Draft,
‑ Hearing Witnesses
‑ Issue Papers (1)-(3)
Republican Party Platform
‑ Issue Papers (4)-(6)
‑ Meagher Draft and 1972
Comparison
‑ Miscellaneous Raoul‑Duval Notes
‑ Planning and Strategy (1)-(3)
‑ Platform Committee Members
‑ Presentation and Ford
Administration Comments
‑ White House Staff Input,
Miscellaneous
State of the