Gerald R. Ford Library

1000 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI  48109-2114

www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov

 

 

 

 

 

National Security Adviser

NSC International Economic Affairs Staff:

Files, (1973) 1975-76

 

 

 

SUMMARY DESCRIPTION

 

       Materials of Robert Hormats and his staff, mostly from 1976, on U.S. international economic policy, economic relations with foreign countries, and the Rambouillet and Puerto Rico economic summits.  Specific topics include foreign aid, monetary affairs, foreign investment, trade, commodities, energy, oil, civil aviation, and maritime affairs.

 

QUANTITY

5.6 linear feet (ca. 11,200 pages)

 

DONOR

Gerald R. Ford (accession number 77-118)

 

ACCESS

Open, but some materials continue to be national security classified and restricted.  Access is governed by the donor's deed of gift, a copy of which is available on request, and National Archives and Records Administration general restrictions (36 CFR 1256).

 

COPYRIGHT

Gerald R. Ford has donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections.  The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them.  Works prepared by US Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain.

 

 

Prepared by Geir Gundersen, April 2007

[s:\bin\findaid\nsc\nsc international economic affairs staff.doc]

BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION

 

 

 

                                           Robert D. Hormats

 

 

 

April 13, 1943                     Born, Baltimore, Maryland

 

1965                                   B.A., Tufts University

 

1966                                   M.A., Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy

 

1967                                   M.A.L.D., Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy

 

1969                                   Ph.D., Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy

 

1969-70                              Staff Member for International Economic Affairs, National Security Council

 

1970-73                              Senior Staff Member for International Economic Affairs, National Security Council

 

1973-74                              Fellow, Council on Foreign Relations

 

1974-77                              Senior Staff Member for International Economic Affairs, National Security Council

 

1977-79                              Senior Deputy Assistant Secretary for Economic and Business Affairs, Department of State

 

1979-81                              Ambassador and Deputy US Trade Representative, Department of State

 

1981-82                              Assistant Secretary for Economic and Business Affairs, Department of State

 

1982-87                              Vice President, Goldman Sachs and Co.

 

1987-                                  Vice Chairman, Goldman Sachs International Corp.

 

 

 

INTRODUCTION

 

The NSC International Economic Affairs Staff Files is one of many sub-collections that comprise the National Security Adviser Files and is a valuable source of materials on a wide range of international economic issues.  The provenance and characteristics of the National Security Adviser Files are described in Appendix A.

 

 

Scope and Content of the Collection

Gerald Ford became President as the United States and numerous other countries were experiencing severe economic problems.  These problems were precipitated by a series of events in the early 1970s - the collapse of the Bretton Woods monetary system in 1971, the first enlargement of the European Community in 1973, and the oil crisis of 1973-74 - which resulted in a unique combination of recession and inflation.  Subsequent increases in energy costs and disappointing food harvests further strained the world economy, particularly in areas such as trade and monetary flows and adjustments.  Consequently, many countries moved towards policies of economic nationalism, thereby jeopardizing U.S. desires for an open world economy based on international cooperation.

 

The NSC International Economic Affairs Staff provided the primary support to the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs on these and other international economic issues.  The staff prepared decision memoranda, policy recommendations, and briefing papers for the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs, and drafted papers from him to the President.  These concerned many international economic issues, including U.S. economic policy and relations, economic summits, trade, import quotas, monetary affairs, foreign investment, foreign aid, commodities, food, energy, aviation, and maritime affairs.  The staff represented the Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs at all interagency meetings, including those at the Cabinet level, on foreign economic affairs issues.  In addition, the staff coordinated, in conjunction with the Economic Policy Board, the preparation of U.S. positions on international economic issues for presidential summits, speeches, and policy papers, and ensured the proper consideration of economic issues in the preparation of positions on all elements of U.S. foreign and security policy.

 

Robert Hormats directed the International Economic Affairs Staff from September 1974 through January 1977.  As the Senior Staff Member, Hormats had responsibility for all office operations, including the supervision of two assistants, Malcolm Butler and Timothy Deal.  Butler, on detail from the Department of State, joined Hormats' staff in March 1975, replacing Denny Ellerman, and focused on foreign aid, commodities, food, and energy.  Deal, also on detail from the Department of State, joined the staff in April 1976 and concentrated on trade, aviation, maritime affairs, and east-west economic relations.

 

For reasons unknown, the collection only documents the second half of the Ford administration.  The Presidential Subject File series and the Institutional Subject File series mainly contain materials from late 1975 through December 1976, but do include a few items from 1973 and 1974.  The Robert Hormats Chronological File series covers March through December 1976, while the Timothy Deal Chronological File series encompasses April through December 1976. 


 

Series Descriptions

 

1-6           Presidential Subject File, (1973) 1975-76.  (2.2 linear feet)

Memoranda, telegrams, briefing papers, correspondence, talking points, and memoranda of conversations regarding U.S. international economic affairs.  This series contains copies of most, if not all, outgoing documents generated by the NSC International Economic Affairs Staff, including attachments received from other agencies, from late 1975 through December 1976.  There is information on U.S. economic relations with more than twenty countries, including the United Kingdom, France, Saudi Arabia, and the Soviet Union, preparations for the Rambouillet and Puerto Rico economic summits, foreign aid, PL-480 programs, economic stabilization programs, the Economic Policy Board, monetary affairs, the Agricultural Policy Committee, trade, import quotas, commodities, specialty steel, food, brandy, rice, meat, sugar, the International Coffee Agreement, grain sales, energy, oil prices, OPEC, the Arab economic boycott of Israel, aviation, maritime affairs, and the 1975 U.S.-Soviet Maritime Agreement.

Arranged alphabetically by subject.

 

6-8           Institutional Subject File, (1974) 1975-76.  (1.0 linear feet)

Memoranda, correspondence, briefing papers, and memoranda of conversations regarding U.S. international economic affairs.  This series contains internal office memoranda and outside supporting materials generated and collected by the NSC International Economic Affairs Staff as they prepared the outgoing documents found in the Presidential Subject File.  There is information on U.S. economic relations with more than ten countries, particularly Iran and Italy, the Agricultural Policy Committee, the East-West Foreign Trade Board, foreign investment, aviation, Civil Aeronautics Board decisions, trade, the Generalized System of Preferences, the Economic Policy Board,  import quotas, energy, U.S. strategic petroleum reserves, liquid natural gas, oil, commodities, food, grain sales, maritime affairs, and joint cooperation commissions.

Arranged alphabetically by subject.

 

9-13         Robert Hormats Chronological File, March-December 1976.  (1.7 linear feet)

Memoranda, decision memoranda, talking points, memoranda of conversations, briefing papers, correspondence, telegrams, and draft presidential statements regarding a broad range of international economic issues.  This series apparently served as the office reading file and mostly duplicates the materials found in the Presidential and Institutional Subject Files.  There is information on U.S. economic relations with numerous countries, the European Community, the Rambouillet and Puerto Rico economic summits, foreign aid, PL-480 programs, monetary affairs, foreign investment, energy, US strategic petroleum reserves, liquid natural gas, oil, OPEC, trade, import quotas, commodities, food, grain sales, the Agriculture Policy Committee, the East-West Trade Board, the Economic Policy Board, aviation, Civil Aeronautics Board decisions, maritime affairs, the 1975 U.S.-Soviet Maritime Agreement, the United Nations Commission on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), and the  Ford-Carter transition.

Arranged chronologically.

 

13-14       Timothy Deal Chronological File, April-December 1976.  (0.7 linear feet)

Memoranda, briefing papers, and correspondence regarding Timothy Deal's work on international economic affairs issues from April through December 1976.  This series mostly duplicates the materials found in the Presidential and Institutional Subject Files and the Robert Hormats Chronological File.  There is information on trade, import quotas, economic relations with the Soviet Union, the East-West Foreign Trade Board, the Generalized System of Preferences, commodities, food, aviation, Civil Aeronautics Board decisions, maritime affairs, and the 1975 U.S.-Soviet Maritime Agreement. 

Arranged chronologically.

 

 

Container List

 

Box 1     Presidential Subject File

Agriculture

Aid

Aviation

Arab Boycott

Coffee

Conference on International Economic Cooperation

Country File - Africa

Country File - Australia

Country File - Canada

Country File - Cuba

Country File - Egypt

Country File - France (1)-(2)

Country File - Germany

Country File - India

Country File - Indonesia

Country File - Iran

Country File - Ireland

 

Box 2     Presidential Subject File

Country File - Israel

Country File - Italy

Country File - Japan

Country File - Latin America

Country File - Mexico

Country File - Morocco

Country File - Nigeria

Country File - People's Republic of China

Country File - Poland

Country File - Portugal

Country File - Saudi Arabia (1)-(3)

Country File - South Africa

Country File - Vietnam

 

Box 3     Presidential Subject File

Country File - United Kingdom (1)-(5)

Country File - USSR (1)-(2)

East-West Trade

Economic Summits - Puerto Rico (1)-(5)

 

Box 4     Presidential Subject File

Economic Summits - Puerto Rico (6)-(8)

Economic Summits - Rambouillet (1)-(10)

 

Box 5     Presidential Subject File

Energy

European Community

Footwear

General Economic

Grain

Liquid Natural Gas

Maritime Affairs

Meat (1)-(2)

Monetary Affairs

Mushrooms

Naval Petroleum Reserve

Nuclear Exports

Oil

OPEC (1)-(2)

PL-480

Poultry/Cognac

Presidential Letters

Presidential Meetings

 

Box 6     Presidential Subject File

Rice

Scowcroft Meetings

Steel

Sugar

Vice Presidential Meetings

Wheat

Institutional Subject File

Agriculture

Aid

Aviation (1)-(7)

 

Box 7     Institutional Subject File

Aviation - Transatlantic Route Proceeding (1)-(2)

Commodities

Country File - Africa

Country File - Brazil

Country File - France

Country File - Indonesia

Country File - Iran (1)-(2)

Country File - Italy (1)-(3)

Country File - Latin America

Country File - Mexico

Country File - Portugal

Country File - Saudi Arabia

Country File - Venezuela

 

Box 8     Institutional Subject File

East-West Trade

Economic Policy Board

Energy (1)-(4)

Food

Generalized System of Preferences

Grain

International Fund for Agricultural Development

Joint Cooperation Commissions (1)-(3)

Maritime Affairs

Pan American World Airways

 

Box 9     Robert Hormats Chronological File

March - June 1976

 

Box 10   Robert Hormats Chronological File

June - August 1976

 

Box 11   Robert Hormats Chronological File

August - October 1976

 

Box 12   Robert Hormats Chronological File

October - December 1976

 

Box 13   Robert Hormats Chronological File

December 1976

Timothy Deal Chronological File

April - August 1976

 

Box 14   Timothy Deal Chronological File

August - December 1976