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Gerald R. Ford Library1000 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2114www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov |
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Gerald R. Ford Library1000 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2114www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov |
CHARLES
E. GOODELL
Chairman,
Presidential Clemency Board;
Washington
attorney and lobbyist:
Papers,
1973‑77
SUMMARY DESCRIPTION
Extensive
materials on President Ford's clemency program for Vietnam War draft evaders
and military absence offenders, including minutes of meetings, case summaries,
report drafts and internal memoranda.
Also included are materials on Goodell's
activities as a lawyer/lobbyist with a company called DGA International working
on such issues as privacy legislation, Concorde landing rights, automobile
emissions, and other personal interests
and activities.
QUANTITY
9.2 linear feet
(ca. 18,400 pages)
DONOR
Charles E. Goodell (accession number 83-8)
ACCESS
Open. Some items are temporarily restricted under
terms of the donor's deed of gift, a copy of which is available on request, or
under National Archives and Records Administration general restrictions (36 CFR
1256).
COPYRIGHT
Charles E. Goodell has donated to the United States of America his
copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives
collections. The copyrights to materials
written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with
them. Works prepared by U.S. Government
employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain.
Prepared by William McNitt,
December 1990
[s:\bin\findaid\goodell, charles - papers.doc]
BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION
Charles
Ellsworth Goodell
March 16, 1926 Born, Jamestown, NY
World War II Seaman, U.S. Naval Reserve
1948 A.B.,
Williams College
1951 LL.B., Yale
University
1952 M.A., Yale
University Graduate School of Government
Korean War 1st Lieutenant, Air
Force
1954‑55 Congressional
liaison assistant, U.S. Department of Justice
1955‑59 Partner, law firm
of Van Vlack, Goodell &
McKee, Jamestown, NY
1959‑68 U.S.
Representative from New York; chairman, House Republican Planning and Research
Committee
1968‑71 U.S. Senator from
New York
1971‑72 Partner, law firm
of Roth, Carlson, Kwit, Spengler
& Goodell, New York City
1973 Author of
book ‑ Political Prisoners in America
1973‑87 Partner, law firm
of Hydeman, Mason & Goodell,
Washington, DC; also board chairman, DGA International Inc. and counsel, Life
Companies of New York
1974‑75 Chairman,
Presidential Clemency Board
Jan. 21, 1987 Died, Washington, DC
INTRODUCTION
Charles Goodell
first reached prominence as a Republican U.S. Representative, Senator, and
Vietnam War critic from the state of New York between 1959 and 1971. None of his papers from that phase of his
career are included in his Ford Library collection, however. Goodell donated his
congressional papers to the New York Public Library in 1974.
Of the Goodell papers at the Ford Library, approximately two‑thirds
concern his service as chairman of the Presidential Clemency Board, which
carried out President Ford's plan for clemency for Vietnamese War draft evaders
and military absence offenders in 1974 and 1975. The remainder consists of materials derived from
his work with the lobbying firm of DGA International and other personal
interests, 1973‑77.
The Presidential
Clemency Board
Shortly after
assuming office, President Ford created a clemency program to allow the young
men who were "convicted, charged, investigated or still sought for
violations of the Military Selective Service Act or of the Uniform Code of
Military Justice" to contribute a "share to the rebuilding of peace
among ourselves and with all nations."
On September 16, 1974, Ford issued a proclamation and executive order
establishing the Presidential Clemency Board (PCB) to oversee this program and
announced the appointment of the nine members of the Board. The President selected his old friend and
former congressional colleague Charles Goodell as
chairman.
The PCB handled
applications for clemency on a case‑by‑case basis. As the number of applications went from 850
in early 1975 to 21,500 by the deadline at the end of March, it became apparent
that the original board of nine members and less than 100 staff members was
inadequate to complete the task in the specified time. In May 1975 the President authorized nine
additional board members and a dramatic increase in staff to keep the work on
schedule. The PCB finished its work in
September 1975 and turned over all incomplete cases to the Justice Department.
During the year of its existence, the PCB disposed of 14,514
cases. For each case, they determined
whether or not the individual deserved clemency and, if so, whether he should
be required to complete a period of alternative service. Alternative service involved working for a
non‑profit organization in a job promoting the national health, safety,
or interest. Of the civilian clemency
applicants, more than four out of every five received outright pardons, only a
few were denied clemency, and the remainder were assigned to alternative
service before receiving their pardons.
Only slightly more than one‑third of military applicants received
outright pardons, 7 percent were denied clemency, and the remainder
participated in the alternative service program.
While the PCB
claimed to have succeeded in its assigned task, many people disputed this
statement. Only about 19 percent of the
eligible people even applied for the program.
Many draft evaders and deserters attacked the program for not going far
enough and demanded an unconditional amnesty.
At the same time many people in the military and in veterans
organizations were unhappy with any form of amnesty or clemency.
The Goodell Papers
The Goodell papers at the Ford Library concern both his service
as chairman of the Presidential Clemency Board and a variety of other business
and personal interests.
Many PCB
materials concern administrative matters such as the appointment of Board
members, budgetary matters, interactions with the White House and the Justice
Department, personnel questions, press relations, the operation of the
alternative service program, and the drafting of the final report. Other documents relate to the applicants and
the disposition of cases. Of particular
note are approximately 4,000 pages of case summaries giving detailed
information about the cases the Board considered.
While the Goodell papers contain important materials on the PCB, they
are not a complete record of the Board's work.
They include only those materials which Goodell
used or created in completing several of his responsibilities. At the end of its existence the Board turned
its official records over to the National Archives (see pages 205‑208 of
the Presidential Clemency Board Report to the President for a description of
these materials).
Besides the PCB,
the Goodell papers document his work for several
clients of DGA International, which handled lobbying for several foreign and
domestic firms interested in such issues as Concorde landing rights, privacy
legislation, and automobile emissions. A
partial record (mostly 1975) of his work as legal counsel to the Life Companies
of New York appears, but there is little documenting his work as an attorney with
Hydeman, Mason and Goodell. In addition, the papers concern such matters
as his personal finances and his selection of an archival repository for his
congressional papers.
Related
Materials (November 1990):
The Charles Goodell papers at the New York Public Library document his
congressional career. The Presidential
Clemency Board records at the National Archives may contain additional
materials on Goodell's activities.
Several related
collections appear among the holdings of the Ford Library. White House Central Files categories FG 6‑28
(Presidential Clemency Board) and JL 1 and its subdivisions (Amnesties ‑
Clemencies ‑ Pardons) include much on the Ford administration's clemency
program. White House staff files
containing significant documentation on that program include those of Counsel
to the President Philip Buchen, Counsellor
John Marsh, Domestic Council Associate Director Geoffrey Shepard, and Assistant
to the President for Human Resources Theodore Marrs.
Series
Descriptions
1‑10 Presidential Clemency Board
Subject File, 1974‑75.
(4.0 linear feet)
Memoranda,
correspondence, lists, minutes, notes, press releases, reports and clippings. The materials concern a wide range of
administrative and policy matters handled by the Clemency Board, including case
handling procedures, the operation of the alternative service program,
interactions with the White House and Department of Justice, and the drafting
of the Board's final report.
Arranged
alphabetically by subject.
11‑15 Presidential Clemency Board Case
Summaries, 1974‑75.
(2.0 linear feet)
Case
summaries covering many, but not all, of the cases heard by the Clemency Board. The summaries give detailed information about
the background and alleged offenses of individual draft evaders and
deserters. The summaries do not include
the names of the applicants; the cases are identified by a case number
only. This set of case summaries is
relatively complete for the early applicants, but only scattered summaries
appear for those who applied later.
Arranged
numerically by case number.
16‑23 General Subject File, 1973‑77. (3.2 linear feet)
Correspondence,
memoranda, reports, bills, resumes, minutes, lists and news summaries. Some materials concern Goodell's
work as a lawyer/lobbyist with the company DGA International Inc. handling
clients interested in such issues as Concorde landing rights, privacy
legislation, and automobile emissions.
Other topics of note include the report of the Committee for the Study
of Incarceration, efforts by the Magazine Publishers Association to reduce
postal rates and gain an exemption from price controls, and Goodell's
work as legal counsel to the Life Companies of New York. A number of folders concern personal matters
such as Goodell's finances or his selection of an
archival repository for his congressional papers. Little reflects his association with his law
firm.
Arranged alphabetically by subject.
Container
List
ACLU Press Conference,
10/3/75
Administrative
Matters
Alternative
Service
Alternatives to
Pardon
American Bar
Association
Amnesty ‑
General
Basic Documents
Board ‑
Addresses
Board ‑
Appointment of New Members (1)‑(2)
Board ‑
Finances
Board ‑
Minutes
Camp David
Docket
Case Disposition
Sheets
Case Disposition
Summary (1)‑(3)
Case Processing
Clemency Law
Reporter (1)‑(5)
Committee on
Selective Service
Congressional
Mail
Controlling
Discretion in Sentencing (Article in the Notre Dame Lawyer)
Correspondence
(1)‑(3)
Correspondence
(4)‑(8)
Correspondence With Agencies About Detailed Staff
Davis, Andrew ‑
Case
Defense
Department
Demographic
Analysis of Applicants
Employment
Applicants
Extra Worksheets
Felons
Final Report ‑
Draft, Undated (1)‑(2)
Final Report ‑
Draft, Undated (3)‑(6)
Final Report ‑
Draft,
Final Report ‑
Draft,
Final Report ‑
Draft, 10/2‑7/75 (1)‑(3)
Final Report ‑
Draft,
Final Report ‑
Draft,
Final Report ‑
Draft Outlines
Final Report ‑
Draft Summary
Final Report ‑
Goodell Statement
First
Recommendations for Extension of Clemency (1)‑(2)
Ford Foundation
Information Paper on Veterans, Deserters, and Draft Evaders
Full Board
Presentation Lists
Goodell ‑
Designation of Panels
Goodell ‑ Notes
Goodell ‑ Press
Conference, 11/29/74
Goodell ‑
Statement Before the Senate Judiciary Committee,
Goodell ‑ Trip to
California
Goodell ‑ Trip to
Portland, OR: Briefing Book
Interagency Team
Survey Report (1)‑(2)
Legislation
Manual of
Proclamations, Executive Orders and Messages Concerning the Clemency Program (1)‑(2)
Meeting with
Paul O'Neill (OMB), 4/7/75
Meeting with
Paul O'Neill (OMB), 4/21/75
Meeting with
Paul O'Neill (OMB), 5/7/75
Memoranda ‑
Board Members
Memoranda ‑
Buchen, Philip
Memoranda ‑
Internal (1)‑(3)
Memoranda ‑
Internal (4)
Memoranda ‑
Justice Department
Memoranda ‑
Office of Management and Budget
Memoranda ‑
President and White House Staff
Miscellaneous
News Clippings
(1)‑(4)
Newsletter
Notes on
Clemency Board Regulations
Panel A Dispositions
Panel Counsel
Meetings
Pardons for
Those with Undesirable Discharges
Personnel
Matters (1)‑(2)
Photographs
Press Relations
Procedures and
Substantive Standards ‑ ACLU Comments
Questions and
Answers (1)‑(2)
Reconciliation
Service ‑ Letters
Reconciliation
Service ‑ Manual (1)‑(2)
Reconciliation
Service ‑ Program Reports
Reconciliation
Service ‑ Program Terminations
Referrals to
Full Board
San Diego City
Club Speech
Senate Hearings
on Clemency Board Practices and Procedures (Published Report)
Statistical
Summaries
Status Reports
on Presidential Packages
Training
Handbook (1)‑(3)
Transition
Memoranda
Truman Amnesty
Board
Work Sheets (1)‑(6)
1‑275
276‑950
951‑3100
3101‑11000
11001‑18000
Aerospatiale ‑
Concorde (1)‑(6)
Agency for Consumer
Advocacy (1)‑(2)
Airbus (1)‑(2)
Bagley, William
(Candidate for State Controller in California)
Button, Daniel
Ceres ‑
Letters to Congress
Ceres ‑
Soviet Visit
Chronological
File, Jan.‑June 1977
Chronological
File, July‑Dec. 1977
Committee for
the Study of Incarceration ‑ Draft Final Report (1)‑(5)
Correspondence ‑
General (1)‑(2)
Courtesy Copies
Cunningham, Waymon R. (Appeal for Commutation of Sentence)
Department of
Justice Management Report (1)‑(2)
Disaster Relief
Loans ‑ John G. O'Leary (1)‑(2)
Disputed Bills
Domestic Council
Dun and
Bradstreet ‑ Privacy Legislation (1)‑(6)
Ellsberg, Daniel
Employment
Applications (1)‑(5)
Employment Applications
(6)‑(7)
Energy Policy
Task Force
Engelhard
Minerals and Chemicals Corporation
‑
Background on Air Quality and Auto Emissions (1)‑(3)
‑
Correspondence and Notes (1)‑(2)
‑
Legislative Digests
‑ Letters
to Members of Congress (1)‑(2)
Engelhard
Minerals and Chemicals Corporation
‑ Report
of the Committee on Motor Vehicle Emissions
Ford
Administration
‑ General
‑
Personnel
‑
Telephone Directories
Foreign Flag Tax
Exemption
Gepard AA Tank
Goodell ‑
Personal
Grumman Aerospace
Corporation
Gurian
Hospital for
Joint Diseases (Alfred Rice)
Housing
Assistance Council
Institute for
Socioeconomic Studies (Published Article)
Lazarus, Len ‑
Book "Republican Renaissance" ‑ Draft 1 (1)‑(2)
Lazarus, Len ‑
Book "Republican Renaissance" ‑ Draft 2 (1)‑(2)
Lazarus, Len ‑
Book "Republican Renaissance" ‑ Draft 3 (1)‑(4)
Life Companies
of New York
‑ By‑laws
‑ Meeting,
1/7/75
‑ Meeting,
2/4/75
‑ Meeting,
3/4/75
‑ Meeting,
4/1/75
‑ Meeting,
5/6/75
‑ Meeting,
6/3/75
‑ Meeting,
7/1/75
‑ Meeting,
8/5/75
‑ Meeting,
9/9/75
‑ Meeting,
10/7/75
‑ Meeting,
11/11/75
‑ Meeting,
12/2/75
Magazine
Publishers Association (1)‑(2)
Magazine
Publishers Association (3)
Mailing Lists
Mailing Lists ‑
Book
Miscellaneous
Model Income
Supplement Bill ‑ Publications
National Health
and Welfare Retirement Board Trustees Meeting,
National
Visitors Center
New York Public
Library (Re donation of Goodell's Congressional
Papers)
Nixon
Impeachment
Padiermos, Justino
Puerto Rico
Random House
Ripon Society
Rumsfeld, Donald
State of
Illinois ‑ HEW Dispute
University of
Wyoming (Re Possible Donation of His Papers)
Warner
Communications
White House News
Summaries (1)‑(4)
Who's Who
