Gerald R. Ford Library 1000 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2114 www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov

PHILIP W. BUCHEN

Personal Friend of Gerald Ford; Counsel to the President:

Papers, (1962) 1973-1992

SUMMARY DESCRIPTION

Speeches, clippings, correspondence, souvenirs and other material on both social and official matters. Also includes desk calendars and sporadic diary notes of Mrs. Buchen.

QUANTITY

2 linear feet (ca. 4000 pages)

DONOR

Philip W. Buchen (accession number 90-NLF-033)

ACCESS

Open. Some items may be temporarily restricted under terms of the donor's deed of gift, a copy of which is available on request, or under National Archives and Records Administration general restrictions (36 CFR 1256).

COPYRIGHT

Philip W. Buchen has donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain.

Prepared by Brooke Clement, June 2004

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BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION

Philip William Buchen

Feb. 27, 1916 Born, Sheboygan, WI

1939 A.B., University of Michigan

1941 J.D., University of Michigan

1941‑42 Partner, law firm of Ford and Buchen, Grand Rapids, MI

1943‑47 Partner, law firm of Butterfield, Keeney & Amberg, Grand Rapids

1947 Married, Beatrice “Bunny” Loomis

1948‑61 Partner, law firm of Amberg, Law & Buchen, Grand Rapids

1961‑67 Vice President, Grand Valley State College, Allendale, MI

1962‑74 and 1977‑ Director, Old Kent Financial Corporation, Grand Rapids

1963‑74 Director, Rospatch Corporation, Grand Rapids

1967‑74 Partner, law firm of Buchen, Weathers, Richardson & Dutcher, Grand Rapids

1969‑74 Director, Communications Satellite Corporation, Washington, DC

1969‑72 Member, U.S. delegation to the INTELSAT Conference which negotiated a definitive arrangement for the International Telecommunications Satellite Organization.

Mar.‑Aug. 1974 Executive Director, Domestic Council Committee on the Right of Privacy

1974‑77 Counsel to the President, White House

1977-95 Partner, law firm of Dewey, Ballantine, Bushby, Palmer & Wood, Washington, DC

1977-2001 Trustee, Gerald R. Ford Foundation

May 24, 2001 Died, Washington, DC

January 29, 2002 Beatrice “Bunny” Buchen Died, Washington, DC

INTRODUCTION

One of President Ford’s initial acts after taking his oath of office, on August 9, 1974, was to name longtime friend and former law partner, Philip W. Buchen, chief White House Counsel. Ford elevated this position to Cabinet status one month later. As Counsel to the President, Buchen provided legal advice to the President and the White House staff, supervised a staff of attorneys in handling legal matters of the President or his staff, and served as a White House liaison with varied government agencies.

Some of Buchen’s most important duties included aiding Ford in the legalities of the Nixon pardon. Buchen garnered information from Special Prosecutor Leon Jaworski as to how long a Nixon trial might last, and whether President Ford had the right to grant a pardon prior to an indictment. Though he agreed with the necessity of the Nixon pardon, Buchen strongly discouraged the President from conferring pardons to each Watergate defendant or Spiro Agnew. Buchen, along with Benton Becker and Jack Miller (Nixon’s legal counsel), also attempted to settle the Nixon papers dispute, eventually agreeing that while the Nixon papers would be housed in a National Archives facility, Nixon would have ultimate access control. (The Presidential Recordings and Materials Preservation Act of 1974 nullified this arrangement.) Moreover, Buchen worked on the amnesty program, which offered clemency to those who had avoided serving in the Armed Forces during the Vietnam War.

Buchen’s position as Counsel to the President, in addition to being laborious, was also a ceremonial role. He and his wife, Beatrice (AKA Bunny), were soon fixtures on newspaper society pages as they attended numerous White House, State, and Embassy dinners. The Buchens also represented the United States at the coronation ceremony of the King of Nepal, Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev, in February 1975.

Following Ford’s defeat in the 1976 presidential election, Buchen played a role in donating Ford’s presidential papers to the federal government. Upon leaving government service, Buchen became a partner in the firm of Dewey, Ballantine, Bushby, Palmer & Wood, in Washington, DC, where he worked until his retirement in 1995, as well as served as a trustee of the Gerald R. Ford Foundation until his death in 2001.

Scope and Content Note

In representing Buchen’s administrative role, the collection showcases his most well-known undertakings, namely the Nixon-Ford Presidential transition and the Nixon pardon. The collection is strongest in bulk in documenting the social aspects of being the President’s Chief Counsel. A significant portion of this collection is made up of newspaper clippings from major news arteries such as The New York Times and Washington Post, which attest to social functions and events the Buchens attended. A large photograph compilation, boasting White House fêtes, private functions, and administrative photos from both the Buchens’ personal snapshot collection and the White House Photo Office, has been transferred to the Library’s audiovisual department.

The collection’s Correspondence File and Bunny Buchen’s desk calendars in the Subject File are intriguing because they document the public and private worlds the Buchen’s lived in following Ford’s oath of office. Some of the correspondence and notations in the calendars depict the Buchen’s as parents and grandparents, while others depict them as friends to the Presidential family, ambassadors, and celebrities.

Notable are the opinions that come forth in this collection, specifically from Philip (in his speeches and participation in various conferences) and Bunny (in her “diary”). The estimations of others are also well-represented, especially regarding the Nixon pardon.

A shortcoming of this collection is the absence of materials dating from the beginning of Ford’s and Buchen’s friendship to the time of Ford’s Vice Presidency. There are references to this period and the Ford and Buchen law firm, particularly in the oral histories, and some of the clippings and speeches, but for the most part, this period is left undocumented.

Related Materials (June 2004):

As the bulk of this collection is more social rather than organizational, the following related materials/collections also document the social aspect of Philip Buchen’s relationship with President Ford: the Betty Ford Papers, the Vice Presidential Papers of Gerald R. Ford, the Sheila R. Weidenfeld Files, and the Eric Rosenberger and Douglass Blaser Files.

For extensive information on Buchen’s role as Counsel to the President, see Philip W. Buchen Files.

Interviews or oral histories with Philip Buchen can be found in: the A. James Reichley Interview Transcripts, the Grand Rapids Oral History Collection (covers only the years 1938-1948), the Composite Oral History Accessions, and the William A. Syers Interview Transcripts.

Additional related material, including more extensive background information on Buchen, may be found in the Gerald R. Ford Library’s vertical file, under “Buchen, Philip W.”.

Series Descriptions

Box 1 Correspondence File, 1974-1989. (0.3 linear feet)

Correspondence to and from Philip and Bunny Buchen. Recipients and senders, within “Correspondence (1)-(8)” folders, include First Lady Betty Ford, Iran Ambassador Ardeshir Zahedi, Pennsylvania Governor William Scranton, Senator Bob Dole, Vice President and Mrs. Rockefeller, Justice Lewis Powell, Reverend Duncan Littlefair (the Buchen’s minister), and the Buchen children, among others. Two separate folders contain correspondence between the Buchens and President Ford, along with Philip Buchen’s resignation letter to President Ford at the end of his term in office. Two other folders created during archival processing, due to the contents’ subject value, include correspondence related to the Nixon pardon and the amnesty program.

Arranged alphabetically by subject and chronologically thereunder.

Boxes 1-2 Speech File, 1974-1980. (0.3 linear feet)

Speeches made by Philip Buchen as Counsel to the President and shortly thereafter. The speeches made between 1974 and 1976 thematically center around Buchen’s role in the pardon of President Nixon, the government itself, and campaigning for President Ford. The post-White House speeches focus primarily on life as an attorney or taking a look back at his time in the White House.

Arranged chronologically and alphabetically thereunder.

Boxes 2-6 Subject File, (1962) 1973-1992. (1.5 linear feet)

Memoranda, correspondence, sporadic diary notes, and memorabilia accumulated by Philip and Beatrice Buchen primarily during Philip’s tenure as Counsel to the President and shortly thereafter.

A sizable portion of this series is made up of clippings, mainly from more prominent news organizations, such as the New York Times, Wall Street Journal, and the Washington Post, but one will find clippings interspersed from local news sources, such as the Grand Rapids Press and Sheboygan Press. While several folders of clippings document President Nixon’s resignation and pardon, much of the rest is social (i.e. state dinners, embassy dinners, gatherings, etc.) in nature.

Folders labeled “Miscellanea” also reflect the Buchen’s social standing in Washington, DC, and include place cards, menus, and programs, among other items.

This collection included many photographs. All photos have been transferred to the Library’s audiovisual department. For information, and some photocopies, see the folders entitled “Transferred to AV (1)-(2).”

Container 6 houses those documents too large to safely place in standard-sized boxes. Included are certificates Buchen acquired while serving as Counsel to the President, several desk calendars used by Bunny Buchen from 1976 to 1977 (however, not every month is represented), and several pages which appear to have been torn from a scrapbook.

Arranged alphabetically by subject, and chronologically thereunder.

Container List

Box 1 Correspondence File

Correspondence (1)-(8)

Correspondence – Philip Buchen Resignation Letter

Correspondence – Gerald R. Ford

Correspondence re Amnesty Program

Correspondence re Nixon Pardon

Speech File

Speeches Made – List

9/8/1974 – Press Conference

9/10/1974 – Press Conference

9/30/1975 – Remarks Before the Institute for Legal Counsels

10/4/1975 – Orientation Program for New Policy Executives

Box 2 Speech File

10/15/1975 – General Counsels’ Committee of the Federal Bar Association

11/11/1975 – NASA Annual Awards Ceremony

12/4/1975 – The University of Michigan Law School Club of Washington, DC

2/14/1976 – American Judicature Society

2/26/1976 – Sheboygan County Republican Party

2/27/1976 – Grand Rapids Bar Association

2/27/1976 – Industrial Relations Group

4/27/1976 – Travelers Aid International Social Services of America

5/2/1976 – Dan Beard Council Annual Scouters Recognition Dinner

5/3/1976 – Greater Cincinnati Harvard Business School Club

5/26/1976 – Town Hall of California

6/14/1976 – Bicentennial Exposition on Science and Technology

12/29/1976 – Society of American Archivists and the American Historical Association

3/15/1977 – Grand Rapids Area Council for the Humanities

4/14/1977 – “299 Forum”

4/15/1977 – Annual Banquet of the Phi Alpha Delta Law Fraternity

6/28/1977? – Grand Rapids Rotary Club: “Some Impressions from my Years with President Ford”

6/28/1977 – Wranglers Meeting

1/17/1978 – Wranglers Meeting

2/23/1978 – Statement for Presentation to the Government Information and Individual Rights Subcommittee of the House Committee on Government Operations

4/12/1978 – Student Bar Association, International School of Law

11/2/1978 – Wranglers Meeting

11/20/1978 – Stewart Capital Group Meeting

11/20/1978? – Wage Price Administrators of Automation Industries, Inc.

1/10/1979 – Middle Atlantic Regional Group of the American Society of Corporate Secretaries

5/17/1979 – Conference on Regulatory Reform: Challenges for the Future

5/1/1980 – Montgomery Bar Association

Subject File

Bunny Buchen “Diary” Notes – Misc. Dates August 28, 1974 to January 12, 1975

Center for the Study of the Presidency Panel: Presidency in Transition

Clippings (Undated)

Clippings – 1973

Clippings – January to July 1974

Clippings – August 1974 (1)-(2)

Box 3 Subject File

Clippings – August 1974 (3)

Clippings – September 1974 (1)-(3)

Clippings – November to December 1974

Clippings – January 1975

Clippings – February 1975

Clippings – March 1975

Clippings – April to September 1975

Clippings – November 1975

Clippings – 1976 (1)-(2)

Clippings – 1977

Clippings – 1978

Clippings – 1979

Clippings – 1980

Box 4 Subject File

Clippings – 1981 to 1983

Commission on Presidential Disability (1)-(3)

Ford Administration (1)-(2)

Ford Administration – Duncan Littlefair re Nixon Pardon

Ford Administration – Oral Histories

Ford (Gerald R.) Foundation

Gerald R. Ford Library – Photocopies re Transition (1)

Box 5 Subject File

Gerald R. Ford Library – Photocopies re Transition (2)

Hofstra Conference re Ford Presidency (1)-(2)

International Lincoln Association

Miscellanea (1)-(2)

Transferred to AV

Box 6 Subject File

Bunny Buchen Desk Calendar – 1/1976

Bunny Buchen Desk Calendar – 2/1976

Bunny Buchen Desk Calendar – 3/1976

Bunny Buchen Desk Calendar – 4/1976

Bunny Buchen Desk Calendar – 5/1976

Bunny Buchen Desk Calendar – 6/1976

Bunny Buchen Desk Calendar – 7/1976

Bunny Buchen Desk Calendar – 10/1976

Bunny Buchen Desk Calendar – 1/1977

Certificate – Bicentennial Independence Day

Certificate – National Day of Prayer

Certificates – Air Force One/Army One Flights

Scrapbook Pages